Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

What is Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca?

Also commonly referred to as 'Dry Eye', Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is a prevalent health concern in the canine world. This condition involves the slow decline or complete dysfunction of the tear glands resulting in dryness and inflammation of both the cornea (the outer clear window of the eye) and the conjunctiva (the moist membrane that covers the white area of the eye).

Symptoms of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

Recognizing the signs of Keratoconjunctivitis sicca early is critical for effective treatment. The most common symptoms include persistent redness, frequent blinking, eye discharge, and the dog often scratching or rubbing at their eye. Some of these manifestations can mimic other eye conditions, so proper diagnosis by a vet is vital.

Causes and Risks of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

The significant cause of Keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs is an immune-mediated destruction of the tear glands. Certain breeds, such as Bulldogs and West Highland White Terriers, show a higher incidence of this condition. Also, middle-aged to older dogs, and those on specific drugs or have had eye surgery, are at an increased risk.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis for Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is typically done using a tear production test. Once confirmed, treatment options can vary. Commonly, artificial tears and anti-inflammatory medications are used. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be required to deal with the issue effectively.

The Impact on Dogs and Owners

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca can significantly affect the quality of a dog’s life, resulting in discomfort and potential vision loss. For dog owners, it requires ongoing attention and care. Early recognition, prompt veterinary consultation, and consistency in treatment are key to managing this medical concern.